- It does not rotate.
- It is simplest Black Hole.
- It has no charge or angular momentum.
There are two types of black holes one is stationary or rotating and other is rotating.
Once a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing additional matter. Any black hole will continually absorb interstellar dust from its direct surroundings.
A simple black hole
The term "Black Hole" comes from the fact that, at a certain point, even electromagnetic radiation (e.g. visible light) is unable to break away from the attraction of these massive objects. A black hole would thus appear black from the outside. (However, gas around a black hole can be very bright).
In My next posts I will discuss the other features oh black holes in our space.
2) Eventually, the hydrogen in the centre of the star will run out. A star uses but a small portion of its matter as fuel, and when this fuel is exhausted, it dies off. The lifetime that ALLAH designed for the living had also been distributed for the stars.
3) Gravity will take over and the centre of the star will shrink. This is called gravitational collapse.
Gravitational collapse in astronomy is the inward fall of a massive body under the influence of the force of gravity. It occurs when all other forces fail to supply a sufficiently high pressure to counterbalance gravity and keep the massive body in hydrostatic equilibrium.
In this sense a star is in a "temporary" equilibrium state between a gravitational collapse at stellar birth and a further gravitational collapse at stellar death.
Let’s see how stars come to the Black holes.
(A star)
Gravitational Collapse
(a) The onion-layered shells of elements undergo fusion, forming an iron core (b) The star on hydrogen (c) Infalling material to bounce (d) The red lines are the star on gravity both the effects cancel out each other (e) The surrounding material is blasted away (f) Fuel of stars is run out and gravity takes place.
4) As the centre collapses, it becomes very hot again, eventually getting hot enough to start a new kind of nuclear fusion with Helium as the fuel.
5) Then they grow in size, as if magnified, and become Red giant or super giant.
6) Their temperature, around 15 million degrees, rises up to 100 million degrees.
(Red Giant)
(Super Giants)
7) The area covered by a super giant is so vast that it can easily contain more than sixty million suns. The immensity of these numerical values is indicative of the magnitudes indicated in 76th verse of the sura.
8) Then the Red Giant shrinks and the star looks “normal” again.
9) This does not last very long, though, as the Helium runs out very quickly and again the star forms a Red Giant
10) Eventually it can become almost as small as human being, but with the same mass as a whole star! This very dense object is called a White Dwarf.
11) Because the star was so big, the collapse does not stop even with a White Dwarf, but an even denser object called a Neutron Star (Pulsar) is made.
12) The outer parts of the star (that formed the Red Giant) then drift off into space and cool down making a Planetary Nebula.
Here you can see a planetary nebula with its White Dwarf in the middle:-
Planetary nebula M57
The Cat's Eye Nebula
The Helix Nebula
The Ring Nebula
The Eskimo Nebula
The Dumbbell Nebula
13) For more massive (bigger) stars than the Sun, many more types of nuclear fusion can take place. This means several more Red Giant stages. However, eventually even the biggest stars run out of fuel and finally collapse
14)For the biggest stars, this collapse causes a huge explosion called a Supernova! A Supernova can be brighter than an entire galaxy of 100,000,000,000 stars!
Tyco and Cas A
The Crab Nebula is a pulsar wind nebula Tycho and Cas Aassociated with the 1054 supernova
15) Stars supposed to form in the final stage of the stellar evolution; these consist of a super dense mass mainly of neutrons having a strong attractive force. The matter in the neutron stars is extremely dense. Just to give you an idea, a teaspoonful of this matter would weigh one billion tons. The density of a Neutron star is about 1x1018 kg/m3 (that is 1,000,000,000,000,000,000!)
16) The end states are called compact stars (Very massive and have a small radius but actual structure is not known). In astronomy the term compact star (sometimes compact object) is used to refer collectively to white dwarfs, neutron stars, other exotic dense stars, and black holes.
21) Sometimes the collapse cannot stop at all and a Black Hole is made, from which not even light can escape.
BLACK HOLE
Black Hole in front of the Milky Way. The hole has 10 solar masses and is viewed from a distance of 600 km. An acceleration of about 400 million g is necessary to sustain this distance constantly.
فلا اقسم بموقع النجوم
پس میں قسم کھاتا ہوں ستاروں کے گرنے کی۔
75- So, I swear by the place where the stars fall.
وانه لقسم لو تعلمون عظيم
اور اگر تمهيں معلوم هو تو يه بهت بڑى قسم هے (آيت 76-75 سورة واقع پاره27 )
76- And that is indeed a mighty vow, if you but knew. 56-The Inevitable, 75-76
The expression “place where... fall” موقع (mawqi) also mentioned in the sura, The Cave (Kehf), verse 53,
وراالمجرمون النار فظنو آانهم مواقعوها ولم يجدوا عنها مصرفا (آيت 53 سورة کھف پاره 15)
means the place where the sinners fall, i.e., hell. The root of this word is وقع “WaQa’Aa” and it means the “action of falling”.
FALLING OF STARS AND MIGHTY VOW
The place where the stars fall is stressed by a vow coupled with the tag “mighty.”
We shall see incommensurately great mathematical figures in connection with the death of stars whose fuel is exhausted. The great numerical values in the universe come about at the death of stars, to which reference is made with the following words in the Quran,
“And that is indeed a mighty vow, if you but knew.” وانه لقسم لوتعلمونعظيم
Everybody versed in physics knows that one of the most interesting phenomena in the universe is the black hole that comes about in the merge of the death of massive stars whose magnitudes are greater than three times the size of our sun. Having exhausted their fuel, these cosmic bodies die, collapsing inward upon themselves. The giant stars that contract possess a great gravitational force. This force is so immense that even light, with its velocity of approximately 300,000 km/sec, cannot escape from it. Black holes absorb even the light that passes by. Later on, a great many planets and stars are attracted by this gravitational force. That’s why black holes also constitute “the place where the stars fall.” The existence of black holes is assumed from the fact that they attract as whirlpools the matter of other nearby stars and emit X-rays, swallowing all the lights and stars around. The most interesting studies on Black hole is of Stephen Hawking.
The black holes formed by the collapse of stars by their gravitational force are in perfect conformity with verses 75-76 of the sura, inevitable سورة واقع. At the time of the descent of the Quran, the end of a star by being transformed into a black hole was something unknown. A star turning into a black hole and the stages it goes through are very interesting phenomena.
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